Sepsis is a serious and potentially life-threatening medical condition that occurs when the body’s response to an infection triggers inflammation throughout the body. This response can lead to damage to multiple organ systems and can be fatal if not treated promptly.
Sepsis occurs when an infection, such as a bacterial or viral infection, triggers an immune response in the body. The immune response causes inflammation, which can lead to the formation of blood clots and blockages in small blood vessels. These blockages can reduce blood flow to vital organs, such as the heart, brain, lungs, and kidneys, and can cause damage or failure of these organs.
Symptoms of sepsis can include:
SYMPTOMS
- Fever, or feeling very cold
- Rapid heart rate
- Rapid breathing
- Confusion or disorientation
- Nausea or vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Fatigue or weakness
- Low urine output
- Skin that is cold, clammy, and pale
If left untreated, sepsis can lead to septic shock, a severe form of sepsis in which blood pressure drops to dangerously low levels, which can be fatal.
Sepsis can be caused by a wide range of infections, such as pneumonia, urinary tract infections, skin infections, and infections in the abdominal cavity.
The treatment for sepsis typically involves antibiotics to fight the underlying infection, as well as supportive care to help manage the symptoms and prevent complications. Supportive care may include fluid replacement, oxygen therapy, and medications to support blood pressure and organ function. Intensive care may be needed in severe cases. The earlier the diagnosis and treatment, the better the outcomes.