Tag: inflammation
-
Inflammation Pathophysiology
Inflammation is a natural, protective response of the body to harmful stimuli, such as infections, injuries and irritants. It involves a complex cascade of events involving various immune cells, chemical messengers and blood components. While inflammation plays a vital role in healing and tissue repair, it can also contribute to the development of chronic diseases…
-
5 HEDS and Blunt Head Trauma
Blunt head trauma is a type of head injury caused by a blow or impact to the head without penetration of the skull. It can be caused by falls, motor vehicle accidents, physical assault, or sports-related injuries, among other causes. Blunt head trauma can result in a range of injuries, from mild concussion to more…
-
Asthma
Asthma is a chronic lung condition that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making it difficult to breathe. It is characterised by episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, which can range from mild to severe. The exact cause of asthma is not fully understood, but it is thought to be…
-
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening condition characterised by severe respiratory failure and pulmonary inflammation. It is a complex clinical syndrome that can develop as a result of direct lung injury or as a consequence of systemic inflammation. Pathophysiology ARDS is characterised by a complex cascade of pathological events that lead to severe…
-
Ischemia, Infarction and Necrosis
Ischemia, a lack of blood flow and oxygen to the body’s tissues, is often a precursor to infarction, which is the death of tissue due to a lack of blood flow and oxygen. Prolonged ischemia can lead to cell death and the formation of a necrotic area, which is characterised by the death of cells…
-
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is a condition in which the arteries become narrowed and hardened due to the buildup of plaque. Plaque is a mixture of cholesterol, fat, calcium, and other substances in the blood that can accumulate on the inner walls of the arteries. Over time, the plaque can narrow the arteries and reduce the flow of…
-
Inflammation
Inflammation is a complex biological response of the body’s immune system to injury, infection or tissue damage. Inflammation is a natural and essential part of the healing process, as it helps to remove harmful stimuli, such as pathogens or damaged cells, and initiate the repair process. During inflammation, the affected area becomes red, swollen and…
-
Appendicitis
Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, a small pouch attached to the large intestine. The exact cause of appendicitis is not well understood, but it is believed to occur when the opening from the appendix to the large intestine becomes blocked, allowing bacteria and other materials to build up inside the appendix and cause…
-
Sepsis
Sepsis is a serious and potentially life-threatening medical condition that occurs when the body’s response to an infection triggers inflammation throughout the body. This response can lead to damage to multiple organ systems and can be fatal if not treated promptly. Sepsis occurs when an infection, such as a bacterial or viral infection, triggers an…
-
Pneumonia
Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that can be caused by a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The infection causes inflammation in the air sacs of the lungs (alveoli), which can fill with fluid or pus, making it difficult to breathe and leading to coughing, chest pain and difficulty breathing. Symptoms…