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Prochlorperazine

Details

Presentation:

12.5 mg in 1mL glass ampoule

Route:

IM

Onset of action:

10 – 20 minutes

Duration:

3 – 4 hours

Mode of action

Dopamine antagonist – antiemetic effects are primarily due to D2 receptor blockade. Also acts on other neurotransmitter systems including histaminic, cholinergic and α-adrenergic receptors

  • CNS depression (i.e. unconscious or severely intoxicated)
  • Patients < 21 years of age.

Children and young adults are more susceptible to extrapyramidal reactions with prochlorperazine.

  • Elderly patients

More susceptible to adverse effects

  • Parkinson’s disease

Can worsen symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, avoid if possible

  • CNS: Sedation, blurred vision
  • CV: Postural hypotension, QT prolongation (rare)
  • Other: Extrapyramidal reactions
Significant interactions
  • Nil
Pregnancy
  • Considered safe

High doses or prolonged use in late pregnancy may be associated with an increased risk of withdrawal effects in the newborn

Breastfeeding
  • Considered safe
Notes
  • IV administration of prochlorperazine is not currently approved in AV due to the increased risk of adverse effects.
  • Prochlorperazine ampoules require protection from light. The solution should be colourless or very pale yellow. Solutions that are dark yellow in colour should not be administered.
Infusion
  • N/A

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