Tag: allergen
-
Allergic Reaction Pathophysiology
An allergic reaction is an exaggerated immune response to a harmless substance, known as an allergen. Common allergens include pollen, dust mites, food and insect stings. When exposed to an allergen, the immune system mistakenly identifies it as a threat, triggering a cascade of inflammatory responses that lead to various symptoms. Pathophysiology 1. Initial Sensitisation…
-
Anaphylaxis Pathophysiology
Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can develop rapidly. It occurs when the immune system overreacts to an allergen, triggering a cascade of inflammatory responses. Symptoms can include difficulty breathing, swelling, hives and shock. Prompt administration of adrenaline is crucial for managing anaphylaxis. Pathophysiology 1. IgE-Mediated Response 2. Mast Cell Degranulation 3.…
-
Asthma
Asthma is a chronic lung condition that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making it difficult to breathe. It is characterised by episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, which can range from mild to severe. The exact cause of asthma is not fully understood, but it is thought to be…
-
Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis is a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that occurs when the body’s immune system overreacts to a substance (allergen) that a person is allergic to. It can occur suddenly and can progress rapidly, requiring immediate medical attention. During anaphylaxis, the body releases chemicals, including histamine, which can cause symptoms such as: SYMPTOMS Anaphylaxis…